Feedstock System Assessment
What this document is
Collier County’s existing solid waste system — the 1,015 TPD IMMEDIATE stream, its published fee schedule, and the Immokalee legacy site — read through to the feedstock Advanced Circular Manufacturing addresses.
Three things this document says
- 1,015 TPD is IMMEDIATE-accessible; Phase Initial at 200 TPD is ~20% of it.
- The published blended rate is $88.50/ton (Resolution 2025-184, effective 1 October 2025).
- The Immokalee landfill is closed with an FDEP post-closure obligation through ~2033.
Looking for something else?
Carbotura · Circular Advantage Program · Feedstock System Assessment
Collier County, Florida
Feedstock System Assessment
Collier County’s residual is in-county and uncontested — the ACM programme converts it, and a dated post-closure liability, into a 30-year royalty return.
§0
What This Means
Section 0
What This Means
- Single-destination dependency Collier County generates an estimated 1,500 TPD of manufacturing feedstock and directs the entirety to a single county-owned facility at White Lake Blvd, operated by Waste Management, Inc. under a contract first awarded in 1995. No contracted alternative disposition path exists within the county.
- Unresolved long-term strategy The landfill carries constructed capacity through approximately 2059, but a March 2025 Board of County Commissioners workshop formally acknowledged that no long-term disposal strategy has been finalized. Southern expansion ($73M, +29 years) and eastern expansion (up to $400M, generational) options have been directed to staff for further analysis. No capital commitment has been made.
- Fee structure at contractual floor The FY2026 blended system disposal cost is modeled at approximately $88.50/ton, which falls below the Carbotura Beneficiation Fee contractual floor of $100/ton. The fee is governed by that floor. The economic case for a Circular Supply Agreement rests on the Circular Royalty™ stream, which begins at Month 13 and is designed to exceed the fee from Year 2 onward — not on a disposal-cost arbitrage margin.
- Unresolved environmental liability — Immokalee A second county-held site at Immokalee closed in 2003, carries an unlined base and an active FDEP post-closure obligation running through approximately 2033, and now operates only as a transfer station. The BCC identified this site in March 2025 as a cleanup opportunity. It represents the county's strongest candidate for the Exogenesis™ Programme — an optional structured engagement available for discussion subject to Waste Characterization Study.
- Favorable access structure Residential and commercial MSW streams flowing directly to the landfill total an estimated 1,020 TPD — sufficient to support Phase Initial through Phase Expanded deployment (800 TPD) without conditional stream negotiations, third-party approvals, or contract renegotiations.
§1
Feedstock Profile
Section 1
Feedstock Profile
ACM Capability Finding
ACM is capable of processing every material stream Collier County generates. Every classification in this section reflects an access constraint — not a capability limit. The barrier to any stream is contractual, logistical, or regulatory — never technical.
§1.2 — Feedstock Volume Table ESTIMATED
Stream volumes modeled from FDEP 2020 Collier County Solid Waste Management Report, adjusted for 7.4% population growth 2020–2024. Composition allocation estimated from county rate schedule stream categories. All volumes carry ESTIMATED classification pending verified county tonnage data.
| Stream | Annual Vol. (TPY) | Daily (TPD) | Current Disposition | Operator | Access Classification | ACM Phase |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residential MSW | ~197,000 EST | ~597 | Collier County Landfill — White Lake Blvd | Waste Management, Inc. (WM) | Immediate | Initial |
| Commercial MSW | ~138,000 EST | ~418 | Collier County Landfill — White Lake Blvd | Waste Management, Inc. (WM) | Immediate | Initial |
| Yard Waste / Biomass | ~66,000 EST | ~200 | Landfill + limited county composting | WM / Collier County | Conditional | Medium |
| C&D Debris (residuals) | ~49,500 EST | ~150 | WM C&D Landfill — White Lake Blvd co-located | Waste Management, Inc. (WM) | Conditional | Medium |
| WWTP Biosolids (Class B) | ~26,400 EST | ~80 | Collier County Landfill ($79.25/ton FY26) | Collier County Public Utilities | Conditional | Expanded |
| Special / Bulky / Other | ~18,100 EST | ~55 | Collier County Landfill / Drop-Off Centers | Collier County / WM | Accessible | Expanded |
| Total Estimated System | ~495,000 EST | ~1,500 | Single primary destination — Collier County Landfill, White Lake Blvd | |||
§1.3 — Primary ACM Feedstocks
Phase Initial Priority Streams
Residential and commercial MSW streams represent approximately 1,015 TPD of IMMEDIATE-access feedstock with no contractual barriers. These two streams alone are sufficient to support Phase Initial (200 TPD), Phase Medium (400 TPD), and Phase Expanded (800 TPD) deployments without engaging any conditional or accessible stream. Both flow under the WM operations contract at the county landfill.
§1.4 — Full Feedstock Capability Statement
ACM is designed for the complete Collier County feedstock profile: municipal solid waste including organics, plastics, paper and fibre, textiles, rubber and leather; yard waste and biomass; construction and demolition residuals; wastewater biosolids (Class B); and specialty streams including bulky items, electronic materials, scrap metals and agricultural plastics. All streams undergo Feedstock Preparation (Pregenesis™ Protocol) before entering the Regenesis™ conversion process. No stream in Collier County's generation profile is outside ACM technical capability. Classification as CONDITIONAL or ACCESSIBLE reflects contract access structure — not process limitation.
§2
Logistics and Infrastructure
Section 2
Logistics and Infrastructure
§2.1 — Collection System
Collier County operates a two-district franchise collection system covering unincorporated Collier County, the City of Naples, the City of Marco Island, and the City of Everglades. Residential curbside service provides twice-weekly MSW collection, once-weekly single-stream recycling, and once-weekly yard waste and biomass collection. Commercial customers receive variable-frequency bulk container and compactor service under Schedule F (District I) and Schedule G (District II). The franchise contractor for residential and commercial collection in both districts is Waste Management, Inc.
§2.2 — Transfer and Route Infrastructure
| Infrastructure Point | Location | Role | Operator |
|---|---|---|---|
| Collier County Landfill (primary) | 3730 White Lake Blvd, Naples | Primary disposal; all MSW, C&D, biosolids | WM (county-owned) |
| Immokalee Transfer Station | 700 Stockade Rd, Immokalee | Eastern Collier County aggregation; transfer to White Lake Blvd | WM (county-operated) |
| Naples Recycling Drop-Off Center | 2640 Corporate Flight Dr, Naples | HHW, electronics, foam, scrap metals | Collier County Public Utilities |
| North Collier Recycling Drop-Off Center | 9950 Goodlette-Frank Rd, Naples | HHW, electronics, foam, scrap metals | Collier County Public Utilities |
| Additional Drop-Off Centers (3) | Marco Island, Carnestown, Tim Nance | HHW and specialty materials | Collier County Public Utilities |
§2.3 — Haul Distances and Route Convergence
The White Lake Blvd landfill is located approximately 12 miles east of the Naples CBD, accessible from Interstate 75 (Exit 101) and Collier Blvd / SR-951. Most residential collection zones in western and central Collier County are within 10–25 miles of the landfill. The Immokalee service area — which includes Immokalee, Ave Maria, and eastern rural zones — is approximately 35–40 miles from the landfill, making the Immokalee Transfer Station logistically essential for eastern Collier County. As growth continues east (Ave Maria, Big Cypress rural stewardship area), haul distances from the Immokalee station decrease.
No WTE / RRF in County
Collier County has no active Waste-to-Energy or Resource Recovery Facility. The FDEP 2020 Collier County Solid Waste Management Report records zero combusted tons. The Landfill Gas-to-Energy facility at White Lake Blvd (6.5 MW, five 1.3 MW generators from 120+ extraction wells) processes LFG internally — it is not a feedstock disposal route. All manufactured feedstock flows to the landfill for disposal.
§3
Cost Structure
Section 3
Cost Structure
§3.1 — Current System Disposal Costs (FY2026)
Source: Resolution No. 2025-184, Collier County Board of County Commissioners, effective October 1, 2025. Schedule C — Landfill and Transfer Station Fees. Verified
| Stream / Material | FY25 Tipping Fee | FY26 Tipping Fee | YOY Change | Source Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residential MSW | $84.44/ton | $88.20/ton | +4.5% | Verified |
| Commercial MSW | $88.61/ton | $90.35/ton | +2.0% | Verified |
| Bulky Items | $96.17/ton | $97.65/ton | +1.5% | Verified |
| Residential Yard Waste / Biomass | $54.04/ton | $55.75/ton | +3.2% | Verified |
| C&D Debris | $96.52/ton | $96.55/ton | +0.03% | Verified |
| Sludge / Biosolids (Collier County only) | $78.08/ton | $79.25/ton | +1.5% | Verified |
| Plastic / Agricultural | $115.92/ton | $117.70/ton | +1.5% | Verified |
| Blended FWDC (weighted) | ~$84.30/ton | ~$88.50/ton | +5.0% | Modeled |
Beneficiation Fee Derivation Note
The Carbotura Beneficiation Fee formula is MAX(FLOOR, MIN(CEILING, FWDC − $5)). Applying the FY26 blended FWDC of $88.50/ton: $88.50 − $5.00 = $83.50 — which is below the contractual Floor of $100/ton. The Beneficiation Fee is therefore governed by the Floor at $100/ton, not derived from a disposal-cost discount. The FY26 tipping fee is $11.50/ton below the Floor, meaning no avoided-disposal margin exists at current disposal pricing. The engagement value is the Circular Royalty™ beginning at Month 13, not cost arbitrage.
§3.2 — Operator Names and Contract Structure Verified
| Role | Current Operator | Contract Basis |
|---|---|---|
| Landfill Operations (primary) | Waste Management, Inc. (WM) | Operations contract awarded 1995; county-owned facility |
| Residential / Commercial Collection (both districts) | Waste Management, Inc. (WM) | Franchise collection agreement; Collier County ordinance authority |
| WWTP / Water Reclamation (NCWRF + SCWRF) | Collier County Public Utilities Division | County-operated directly; 40.1 MGD combined permitted capacity |
| Immokalee Transfer Station | Waste Management, Inc. (WM) | County-operated transfer point; WM staff |
| LFGTE Facility (on-site) | Waste Management, Inc. / Integrity Environmental Solutions | 6.5 MW (5 × 1.3 MW); LFG from 120+ extraction wells; Title V compliant |
§3.3 — Cost Trajectory
Three structural mechanisms drive upward cost pressure regardless of disposition strategy:
- Annual rate schedule escalation. The FY2025-to-FY2026 residential MSW rate increased 4.5% (from $84.44 to $88.20/ton), exceeding both general CPI and the Beneficiation Fee escalator of 2.5%/year. Each annual rate cycle increases the disposal cost basis.
- Capital reinvestment pressure. Southern expansion ($73M) or eastern expansion (up to $400M) would both require bond financing or capital levy, increasing the total system cost per ton as debt service is allocated to the disposal rate. Deep injection well investment ($X capex, $1.5M/year savings versus prior leachate treatment) illustrates the ongoing capital intensity of landfill infrastructure.
- No competitive alternatives market. Out-of-county disposal costs 135% more than in-county management (SCS Engineers, 2025). The closest private landfill is approximately 2.5 hours away. This structural monopoly removes market-based cost pressure from the WM operations contract.
Executive Implications — Cost Structure
- The FY26 blended disposal cost of ~$88.50/ton is below the Beneficiation Fee floor. The Circular Royalty™ stream — not avoided disposal cost — is the primary financial basis for a Collier County CSA.
- The residential MSW rate escalated 4.5% from FY25 to FY26 — nearly double the Beneficiation Fee escalator of 2.5%/year. Each rate cycle without a CSA increases the county's disposal cost basis relative to the CSA structure.
- No competitive alternative constrains WM's contract position. The county's disposal cost is structurally captive to a single operator and a single facility. A Carbotura CSA is the only available mechanism to restructure that dependency.
§4
Regulatory Baseline
Section 4
Regulatory Baseline
§4.1 — Governing Framework
| Instrument | Relevance | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Florida Statutes §403.706 | Primary state authority for solid waste management | Active |
| FDEP Operating Permit — Collier County Landfill | Class I MSW facility; annual volumetric reporting required; deep injection well permit | Current |
| RCRA Subtitle D | Federal framework for non-hazardous solid waste; liner, leachate, LFG management | Active |
| Title V Air Permit (LFGTE) | Air quality compliance for landfill gas combustion at LFGTE facility | Compliant |
| FDEP Post-Closure Rule (30-year requirement) | Applies to Immokalee Landfill (closed 2003); obligation through ~2033 | Active liability |
| Florida Recycling Rate Mandate (75%) | County achieved 78% in FY2023 — above mandate | Compliant — 78% |
| Collier County Ordinance No. 84-31 (as amended) | User fee system for solid waste; basis for Rate Resolution fee structure | Active |
§4.1 — Environmental Sensitivity
Floridan Aquifer Sensitivity
Collier County obtains approximately 96% of its drinking water from groundwater — primarily the Floridan Aquifer system. The county's pollution control program describes a flat coastal plain with high groundwater levels creating challenging stormwater routing. Any new disposal infrastructure siting faces heightened environmental permit scrutiny due to wellfield proximity. This structural constraint has blocked new landfill proposals for over 30 years in the county and was explicitly cited by the BCC in 2025. The Collier County Landfill itself installed a deep injection well (operational February 2022, 3,000-foot depth, 2 million gallon/day capacity) to eliminate $1.5 million/year in prior leachate treatment costs, reflecting the ongoing complexity of managing leachate in this hydrogeological setting.
§4.3 — Decision Window Analysis
Capital Commitment Irreversibility
The March 2025 BCC workshop directed county staff to return with detailed analysis on expansion options. When the BCC votes to commit capital — whether via bond, annual appropriation, or engineering procurement — the following conditions become locked: (1) the landfill expansion capital decision is made and becomes politically irreversible; (2) the alternative-technology window closes for the affected capacity increment; and (3) WM's operational position at the site is reinforced for the duration of any expansion financing term. The Carbotura CSA represents the only mechanism available to Collier County before that capital lock-in — and its engagement window closes when expansion engineering is contracted. The last new municipal landfill in Florida opened in 1998 (Sarasota County), a data point that confirms siting a new facility as a future fallback is not realistic.
§5
Feedstock Opportunity
Section 5
Feedstock Opportunity
§5.1 — System-Wide Addressable Volume Summary ESTIMATED
| Category | Annual Volume (TPY) | Daily (TPD) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total county manufacturing feedstock generation | ~495,000 | ~1,500 | ESTIMATED — FDEP 2020 base + population growth adjustment |
| IMMEDIATE access — Res. + Comm. MSW | ~335,000 | ~1,015 | Direct landfill inflow; no access negotiations required |
| CONDITIONAL access — yard waste, C&D, biosolids | ~142,000 | ~430 | Contractual or logistical access steps required |
| ACCESSIBLE — specialty, bulky, other | ~18,000 | ~55 | Available with standard regulatory pathways |
| Phase Expanded target (800 TPD) | ~264,000 | 800 | Fully sourced from IMMEDIATE streams (79% of IMMEDIATE capacity) |
§5.2 — Addressability Table by ACM Phase
| Stream | Annual Vol. (TPY) | TPD | Access Classification | ACM Phase | Access Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residential MSW | ~197,000 | ~597 | Immediate | Initial | Flows directly to landfill under WM franchise; no contract barriers |
| Commercial MSW | ~138,000 | ~418 | Immediate | Initial | Flows directly to landfill under WM franchise |
| Yard Waste / Biomass | ~66,000 | ~200 | Conditional | Medium | Requires diversion from limited county composting programme and WM collection amendment |
| C&D Debris (residuals) | ~49,500 | ~150 | Conditional | Medium | Current WM C&D disposal contract; requires coordination with WM White Lake operation |
| WWTP Biosolids (Class B) | ~26,400 | ~80 | Conditional | Expanded | County-controlled stream; FDEP biosolids management plan amendment required |
| Special / Bulky / Other | ~18,100 | ~55 | Accessible | Expanded | Standard regulatory pathway; low negotiation complexity |
Phase Initial Access Confirmation
Phase Initial deployment (200 TPD) can be fully sourced from the residential MSW IMMEDIATE stream alone — representing approximately 33% of the IMMEDIATE residential stream and requiring no contract amendments, third-party negotiations, or regulatory approvals beyond the CSA itself. Phase Medium (400 TPD) and Phase Expanded (800 TPD) remain within the combined residential and commercial MSW IMMEDIATE envelope without ever reaching the conditional streams.
§5.3 — Phase Configuration Preview
| Configuration | TPD | Annual Volume (TPY) | Streams Required | Third-Party Negotiation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase Initial | 200 | 66,000 | Residential MSW (IMMEDIATE) only | None |
| Phase Medium | 400 | 132,000 | Residential + Commercial MSW (both IMMEDIATE) | None |
| Phase Expanded | 800 | 264,000 | Residential + Commercial MSW (IMMEDIATE only) | None |
| Full system addressable | ~1,230 | ~406,000 | All IMMEDIATE + CONDITIONAL streams | Biosolids, yard waste, C&D coordination required |
Executive Implications — Feedstock Opportunity
- Phase Initial deployment of 200 TPD is fully sourced from the IMMEDIATE residential MSW stream — no procurement, contract renegotiation, or regulatory approval beyond the CSA itself is required before first-day operations.
- Phase Expanded at 800 TPD would divert approximately 264,000 TPY — equivalent to the disposal volume that the $73 million southern landfill expansion would absorb over approximately 29 years. A CSA executed before the expansion engineering contract is awarded makes that capital decision structurally unnecessary for the Volume displaced by Phase Expanded.
- The residential MSW rate escalated from $84.44/ton (FY25) to $88.20/ton (FY26) — a 4.5% increase in a single rate cycle. There is no market mechanism that will reverse this trajectory. Each passing year without a CSA compounds the disposal cost basis against which the Beneficiation Fee is eventually measured.
- Collier County's in-county disposal structure provides no feedstock competition risk. The ACM facility can plan to full Phase Expanded capacity without supply uncertainty — 100% of the feedstock envelope flows under county-controlled contracts.
§6
Infrastructure Map — Manufacturing Feedstock System
Section 6
Infrastructure Map — Manufacturing Feedstock System
Active disposal facilities, transfer infrastructure, and wastewater reclamation facilities. Closed and historical sites are shown with dashed square markers. Proposed / contested sites are shown with outline markers. Click any panel item or map marker for details.
Map requires Google Maps API key in config.js
Facility data available in panel →
Collier County — Solid Waste & WWTP Infrastructure
MSW Landfill
C&D Landfill
WWTP
Transfer/Recycling
Closed
Proposed
Sources: Collier County Rate Resolution 2025-184 · Integrity Environmental Solutions project portfolio · Collier County colliercountyfl.gov · Naples Daily News / Yahoo Finance (March 5, 2025) · FDEP Solid Waste Reports · places_search verification May 2026. Closed facilities per BCC workshop transcript March 2025.
Ref.
Evidence Chain
Appendix A
Evidence Chain
| Figure | Value | Public Source | Source Type | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total feedstock TPD | ~1,500 TPD | FDEP 2020 Collier County Solid Waste Report (500,649 landfilled TPY base) + USAFacts 2024 population estimate (416,200); 7.4% growth adjustment applied | Estimated | Moderate — 2020 base year; growth-adjusted estimate |
| Residential MSW FY26 tipping fee | $88.20/ton | Resolution No. 2025-184, Collier County BCC, Schedule C, eff. Oct. 1, 2025 | Verified | High — official FY26 rate schedule |
| Commercial MSW FY26 tipping fee | $90.35/ton | Resolution No. 2025-184, Schedule C | Verified | High |
| Biosolids tipping fee | $79.25/ton | Resolution No. 2025-184, Schedule C ("Sludge — Collier County only") | Verified | High |
| Blended FWDC | ~$88.50/ton | Weighted blend: ($88.20 × 0.60) + ($90.35 × 0.35) + ($79.25 × 0.05); stream shares estimated from county profile | Modeled | Moderate — share allocation estimated |
| Landfill operator | Waste Management, Inc. | Integrity Environmental Solutions portfolio ("owned by Collier County and operated by Waste Management"); Yelp "WM — Collier County Landfill"; county website | Verified | High — multi-source confirmation |
| Landfill capacity runway | Through ~2059 | SCS Engineers, Daniel Dietch, BCC Workshop presentation, March 2025 (Naples Daily News) | Estimated | Moderate — consultant estimate cited by BCC |
| Southern expansion cost | ~$73M / +29 years | SCS Engineers presentation to Collier BCC, March 2025 | Estimated | Moderate — planning-level estimate |
| Eastern expansion cost | Up to ~$400M / generational | SCS Engineers, same source | Estimated | Low-moderate — very preliminary; 645-acre acquisition included |
| Immokalee closure year | 2003 | Naples Daily News / Yahoo Finance, March 5, 2025 ("reached capacity in 2003") | Verified | High |
| Immokalee liner status | Unlined | SCS Engineers via Naples Daily News, March 2025 ("unlined at the bottom") | Verified | High |
| Collier County population (2024) | ~416,200 | USAFacts citing US Census Bureau annual estimates, 2024 | Estimated | High — Census-derived |
| Recycling rate | 78% (FY2023) | Collier County Solid Waste Division (colliercountyfl.gov); state target 75% | Verified | High |
| WWTP combined capacity | 40.1 MGD | Collier County Public Utilities, collier.gov/Wastewater/About-Us | Verified | High |
| LFGTE capacity | 6.5 MW (5 × 1.3 MW) | Integrity Environmental Solutions portfolio, integrityenvsol.com | Verified | High |
| Out-of-county disposal premium | 135% above in-county | SCS Engineers, BCC Workshop, March 2025 | Estimated | Moderate — planning analysis basis |
Ref.
Change Factors
Appendix B
Change Factors
Factors that would materially change the diagnostic findings. Each states the factor, direction of change, and mechanism.
| Factor | Direction | Mechanism |
|---|---|---|
| Landfill expansion capital commitment | Reduces feedstock access window | Once the BCC commits expansion funds and engineering is contracted, the alternative-technology window for that capacity increment closes. The CSA engagement opportunity is time-bounded by the expansion decision timeline. |
| Population and generation growth exceeding current estimates | Increases urgency and addressable volume | Eastern Collier County growth (Ave Maria, Big Cypress rural stewardship area, new villages) may accelerate feedstock generation beyond the 1,500 TPD estimate — pulling the landfill capacity runway forward from 2059, increasing pressure on the expansion decision, and increasing Phase Expanded addressable tonnage. |
| WM operations contract renewal or rebid | Could alter access conditions | The WM operations contract dates to 1995. A rebid or extension event represents a natural decision-making window at which the county could restructure feedstock disposition. A Carbotura CSA executed before or concurrent with a WM contract event would be structurally cleaner. |
| Floridan Aquifer contamination incident | Accelerates disposal restructuring | Any contamination event tracing to landfill leachate would accelerate the political and regulatory case for removing feedstock from disposal at White Lake Blvd. The deep injection well is operational, but the unlined Immokalee site remains a pre-existing liability vector. |
| Federal or state PFAS regulation tightening | Increases cost of continued disposal | Florida's coastal groundwater sensitivity means PFAS regulation has outsized local impact. More stringent PFAS standards would increase landfill operating costs, potentially raising tipping fees toward or above the $100/ton Beneficiation Fee threshold and improving the Beneficiation Fee derivation from FWDC discount rather than floor. |
| Verified feedstock composition data | Affects blended FWDC and composition model | The stream composition allocation (87% MSW / 9% biosolids / 4% C&D) is estimated. Verified FDEP tonnage reports by stream type would revise the blended FWDC and potentially shift the Beneficiation Fee derivation. |
Ref.
Sources and References
Appendix C
Sources and References
| Source | Description | Date | Access |
|---|---|---|---|
| Collier County Resolution No. 2025-184 | FY2026 Solid Waste Rates — Schedule C Landfill and Transfer Station Fees | September 2025 (eff. October 1, 2025) | Public — collier.gov |
| FDEP 2020 Collier County Solid Waste Management Report | Annual countywide MSW generation, landfill tons, recycling rate | 2020 (base year) | Public — floridadep.gov |
| USAFacts — Collier County Population | 2024 population estimate (~416,200); citing US Census Bureau annual estimates | 2024 | Public — usafacts.org |
| Integrity Environmental Solutions — Collier County Landfill Portfolio | Operator confirmation (WM); landfill mining (Cell 1&2); LFGTE specs; airspace reporting | Accessed May 2026 | Public — integrityenvsol.com |
| Naples Daily News / Yahoo Finance | BCC Workshop March 4, 2025: SCS Engineers expansion options; Immokalee landfill details; capacity estimates; costs | March 5, 2025 | Public — yahoo.com/news |
| Collier County colliercountyfl.gov — Wastewater Division | NCWRF + SCWRF confirmation; 40.1 MGD combined capacity | Accessed May 2026 | Public — collier.gov |
| Collier County Procurement RFP 25-8333 (2025) | Air monitoring procurement — confirms landfill acreage (310.97 ac), active/closed cell breakdown (132.15/40.75/9.1 ac) | March 2025 | Public — media.governmentnavigator.com |
| Davidson Engineering — Collier County Landfill Master Plan | PUD rezoning; county-owned parcels east of landfill; stormwater master plan | Accessed May 2026 | Public — davidsonengineering.com |
| EREF 2024 Analysis of MSW Landfill Tipping Fees | National tipping fee benchmarks; Florida context; national mean $62.28/ton | 2025 (reporting 2024 data) | Public summary — wasteoptima.com |
Ref.
Authoritative Glossary
Appendix D
Authoritative Glossary
Manufacturing Feedstock
Materials delivered by Collier County to the ACM facility for conversion. In Carbotura's industrial classification, what is commonly called "solid waste" or "MSW" is a secondary raw material input to Advanced Circular Manufacturing. Access constraint, never a capability limit.
Advanced Circular Manufacturing (ACM)
Carbotura's proprietary manufacturing system. Accepts mixed secondary feedstocks and converts them into RevCon™-graded manufactured products (graphite, graphene compounds, recovered minerals) via Microwave Catalytic Reforming. Classified under NAICS 31–33 manufacturing sector.
Total Material Conversion (TMC)
The complete conversion of delivered feedstock into manufactured products. TMC rate is the ratio of RevCon™-graded output to total feedstock input, less residual fractions. Designed for near-zero landfill disposition.
Beneficiation Fee (TMC Fee)
The Beneficiation Fee paid by Collier County to Carbotura per ton of feedstock delivered under the CSA. Formula: MAX($100 floor, MIN($150 ceiling, FWDC − $5)). At Collier County's current FWDC of ~$88.50/ton, the fee is at the contractual floor of $100/ton. Escalates 2.5%/year.
Circular Royalty™
The royalty paid by Carbotura to Collier County under the CSA. Calculated as 120% of the current-year Beneficiation Fee per ton (multiplier escalates +1 percentage point per year, applied to the corresponding fee paid 13 months earlier, which itself escalates 2.5%/year). Independent transaction — never netted against the Beneficiation Fee. Designed to exceed the fee per ton from Year 2 onward.
The royalty paid by Carbotura to Collier County under the CSA. Applies a 120%→150% multiplier to the current-year escalated Beneficiation Fee, with a 13-month lag. Independent transaction.
Exogenesis™ Royalty
A universal bonus royalty stream — $50/ton of landfill mass extracted by Exogenesis™, escalating 1%/year compounded — available in addition to the CSA where a qualifying legacy landfill exists. In Collier County: Immokalee (closed 2003, unlined) and White Lake Blvd closed cells are potential qualifying assets. Presented as a structured option for discussion, subject to Waste Characterization Study and mutual agreement. Independent transaction; never combined with primary royalty.
Circular Supply Agreement (CSA)
The master contract between Collier County and Carbotura governing feedstock delivery, the Beneficiation Fee, and the Circular Royalty™. Minimum 30-year term from Phase Initial COD with perpetual continuation thereafter.
FWDC (Full Weighted Disposal Cost)
The blended weighted-average disposal cost across all feedstock streams directed to ACM. For Collier County: modeled at ~$88.50/ton (FY2026) based on verified Rate Resolution tipping fees and estimated stream composition. Basis for Beneficiation Fee formula derivation.
Separate Transaction Principle
The Beneficiation Fee (Collier County → Carbotura) and each royalty stream (Carbotura → Collier County) are independent payment obligations under the CSA. They are never netted, offset, or co-mingled in any table, chart, or presentation. Each is shown as a separate line item.
BOO (Build-Own-Operate)
Carbotura's delivery model. Carbotura finances, builds, owns, and operates the ACM facility at 100% of per-increment CAPEX through its proprietary modular capital architecture. No community capital contribution, no community co-investment, no community exposure to construction cost overruns or financing market conditions at any phase.
Phase Initial / Phase Medium / Phase Expanded
The three standard ACM deployment phases. Collier County: Phase Initial 200 TPD (2 modules), Phase Medium 400 TPD (4 modules), Phase Expanded 800 TPD (8 modules). Phases are sequential and additive; each increment is independently operable.
TPD / TPY
Tons Per Day / Tons Per Year. Carbotura uses a 330-day operating year (TPY = TPD × 330).
Access Classification
IMMEDIATE: feedstock accessible under existing disposal routes, no new contract required. CONDITIONAL: accessible with contract amendment, logistical adjustment, or regulatory step. ACCESSIBLE: available via standard regulatory or procurement pathway. No stream is classified as "Not Addressable" — ACM is capable of all streams; only access conditions vary.
Exogenesis™ Programme / Exogenesis™
Carbotura's Urban & Landfill Mining protocol. Extracts, processes, and converts materials from qualifying closed or closing landfills into manufactured products. Triggers the Exogenesis™ Royalty and, when elected, transfers post-closure care, leachate management, and monitoring obligations to Carbotura at CSA execution.
RevCon™
Revenue Readiness Condition — Carbotura's product quality grading system. RevCon™ 3 (RC3) is the conservative planning baseline. RC4 and RC5 represent upside scenarios only, not used in base case projections.
T0
Contract Effective Date — the date of CSA execution. All deployment timelines are measured from T0. Phase Initial COD = T0 + 24 months. First Circular Royalty™ payment = T0 + 37 months (Phase Initial COD + 13-month lag).
GASB 18 (Equivalent)
Government Accounting Standards Board Statement 18: accounting standard governing post-closure care liabilities for closed solid waste landfills. Florida FDEP's 30-year post-closure care requirement creates a GASB-equivalent obligation. When the Exogenesis™ Programme is elected, Carbotura assumes and extinguishes this obligation at CSA execution.
WTE / RRF
Waste-to-Energy / Resource Recovery Facility. Collier County has no active WTE or RRF in its service territory. FDEP 2020 data records zero combusted tons. The landfill LFGTE facility (6.5 MW) generates energy from captured landfill gas — it is not a feedstock disposal route.
NAICS
North American Industry Classification System. ACM is classified under manufacturing NAICS codes 325180, 325998, 327992, 331110, 331314, 331492 (US Sector 31–33). Expressly excluded: solid waste NAICS 562212, 562213, 562219, 562920. ACM is a manufacturing process, not waste disposal.
Forward-Looking Statement
This document contains forward-looking statements based on current expectations, estimates, and projections. Actual results may differ materially from those anticipated due to factors including but not limited to: feedstock composition variability, market conditions for manufactured materials, regulatory frameworks, project-specific site conditions, and technology performance at commercial scale. All financial projections are based on RevCon™ 3 baseline assumptions and are subject to the variables described herein. Carbotura makes no guarantee of specific financial returns.
Indicative reference only — not an offer. All financial figures are Carbotura planning-basis estimates unless marked VERIFIED. FWDC of $88.50/ton is MODELED from Collier County Resolution No. 2025-184, Schedule C (effective 1 October 2025): residential MSW $88.20, commercial MSW $90.35, biosolids $79.25. The Beneficiation Fee of $100/ton and all royalty figures are ESTIMATED on Carbotura standard parameters. The Immokalee landfill (closed 2003, FDEP post-closure obligation through ~2033) is an Exogenesis™ candidate subject to feedstock characterisation. Pricing is available under a Circular Supply Agreement (CSA) or a Circular Materials Offtake Agreement (CMOA) — contact Carbotura. The Beneficiation Fee and the Circular Royalty™ are independent gross transactions and are not netted anywhere in this package.